Allen County, OhioHousehold affordabilityEvidence ledger

Allen County Affordability Ledger

16 statistics about housing, credit, food and cost in Lima and Allen County. Each one is quoted from a research corpus that records where the figure came from and what it cannot be made to say — and each claim below carries the standing of the evidence beneath it.

Statistics
16
Resting on inference
1
Built from
4acf471
Contract
v1

How to read these

childcare

1 statistic
Exact · complete records[verified]

Allen County lost more than a quarter of its paid childcare providers while the country added nearly a tenth.

23

Unitestablishments with payroll
Universeestablishments with payroll in NAICS 624410
Allen County, 201232
Ohio, change+8.6%
United States, change+8.9%

Thirty-two payrolled childcare establishments in 2012 and twenty-three in 2023, a fall of 28%. Over the same eleven years Ohio rose 8.6% and the nation 8.9%.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

A count of establishments with payroll is not a count of places for children, and it misses unlicensed and unpaid care entirely. A household that cannot find care does not pay more for care; it gives up the earnings, and nothing here measures that.

food

1 statistic
Sampled · 90% interval[verified]

One in four Lima households received food stamps — twice the rate of Ohio.

25.1

Unitpercent of households
Margin±3.0 at 90%
Interval22.1 – 28.1
Universe13,985 occupied housing units, any income and any tenure
Allen County13.2
Ohio12.4

A quarter of Lima's households received food stamps in the twelve months before the survey — about twice the rate of the county around it and of the state.

[verified]

Food-stamp participation is one of the grounds on which the local hospital grants full financial assistance with no application and no income or asset test.

[verified]

The corpus has measured that ground against this city.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

This states two facts side by side and does not join them. The corpus does draw the join — that roughly a quarter of the city sits inside a ground granting full assistance — and that sentence shares a paragraph with an open question about how many patients are actually granted it, so the paragraph is governed by [open] and may not be cited here at all.

A receipt share is also not a need share. The survey asks about any receipt in twelve months where the hospital asks about participation at the time of service, the household that answers a survey is not the patient who presents a bill, and the hospital decides.

health

1 statistic
Sampled · 90% interval[verified]

About one in ten working-age Lima adults has no health insurance.

10.4

Unitpercent of people in the defined population
Margin±1.9 at 90%
Interval8.5 – 12.3
Universe19,750 civilian noninstitutionalized people aged 19 to 64
Ohio8.8
United States11.7

One in ten working-age adults in Lima was uninsured at interview, against 8.8% in Ohio.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

Coverage is measured on the day of the interview. This is not continuous coverage, not underinsurance, and not a medical bill anyone is carrying.

housing

10 statistics
Exact · complete records[verified]

Every Lima homeowner who asked to borrow more than their house is worth was refused.

100.0

Unitpercent of decided applications
Universe54 decided home-improvement applications with a reported loan-to-value ratio of 100 or more
Below the appraised value40.4

Fifty-four out of fifty-four. Across eight years of the federal lending register, every Lima home-improvement application asking for more than the house was appraised at was denied.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

It establishes that the loan was refused, not that the refusal is what stopped the repair. An applicant may return with a smaller request, pay cash, or not repair, and the register sees only the first.

Exact · complete records[verified]

One in five Lima houses has a building the county values at under $30,000.

21.0

Unitpercent of parcels
Universe10,481 parcels coded single-family dwelling
County-wide7.8

A fifth of the city’s single-family housing carries a building the county appraises below thirty thousand dollars — against under eight per cent across the county.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

An appraisal is the county’s valuation for tax purposes and is not a sale price. It says what the building is worth on the roll, not what it would fetch or what it costs to fix.

Exact · complete records[verified]

Nearly nine in ten buildings Lima had condemned had no demolition money behind them.

88.5

Unitpercent of buildings
Universe87 structures on the municipality’s published demolition list

Of eighty-seven structures on the city’s own published demolition list, seventy-seven carried no identified funding.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

It is 2017 and it is the only year published. A building condemned then may since have been demolished, sold or repaired, so this describes the backlog the city last reported and not the one standing today.

Exact · complete records[verified]

More than half of Lima home-repair loan applications are denied.

52.4

Unitpercent of decided applications
Universe103 home-improvement loan applications on which a lender reached a decision
Rest of the county24.6

Fifty-four of 103 decided applications were refused in 2024. In the rest of Allen County the figure is 72 of 293, and the gap has not closed in eight years.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

A denial rate counts only the applications that were made. It says nothing about the households that never approached a lender, which is the larger group.

Exact · complete records[verified]

In a whole year, fewer than seven Lima houses in a thousand ask a lender to pay for a repair.

0.6

Unitpercent of housing units
Universethe housing units of the fifteen census tracts at least 75% Lima
Rest of the county1.1

Six or seven houses in a thousand generate a home-improvement application in a year. In the rest of the county it is about eleven, and Lima has run below it in every one of the eight years the register covers.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

This is the figure that keeps the denial rate honest: a refusal rate describes the people who applied, and almost nobody here does. It does not say why.

Sampled · 90% interval[verified]

About three in five of the county’s lowest-income homeowners pay 30% or more of their income for housing.

57.1

Unitpercent of households
Margin±7.8 at 90%
Interval49.3 – 64.9
Universe4,045 owner households below 50% of area median income
Owners at 50–80% of area median22.3

Among owner households below half the area median income, 57.1% pay at least thirty per cent of what they earn to stay in the house they own. In the band above them it is 22.3%.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

Do not say "more than half". The ninety per cent interval bottoms out at 49.3% and fails that phrasing by seven tenths of a point. "About three in five" is the estimate and "at least half" is the defensible floor.

Bounded · two measures, opposite errors[verified]

Roughly two in five Lima houses are not lived in by their owner.

53.5

Unitpercent of parcels
Universe10,481 parcels coded single-family dwelling
County-wide70.5
Shawnee Township83.2

The county allows the owner-occupancy credit on 53.5% of Lima’s single-family parcels, against 70.5% across the county. The credit must be claimed, so it is a floor: the mailing-address proxy runs the other way and puts owner-occupancy no higher than 60.4%.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

This is a band and not a point, deliberately. The credit undercounts because it must be filed for; the address proxy overstates because a rural mailing address is not a landlord. Two measures erring opposite ways bound the answer better than either guesses.

Sampled · 90% interval[verified]

More than four in five Lima homes were built before 1980.

84.7

Unitpercent of housing units
Margin±4.4 at 90%
Interval80.3 – 89.1
Universe15,802 housing units

More than four in five Lima homes predate 1980, and the phrasing survives the worst case: the low end of the ninety per cent interval is 80.3.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

Pre-1980 means lead paint and knob-and-tube are live possibilities, not certainties. It is a fact about when the stock was built and not about its condition today.

Exact · complete records[verified]

Lima repairs a house for $17,340 where comparable Ohio cities spend $28,800.

17340

Unitdollars per housing unit
Universe33 housing units completed by a HOME owner-occupied rehabilitation activity
Eight Ohio peers, median28800
United States23995

Across eleven years and thirty-three completed jobs, Lima disbursed $17,340 a house. The comparable Ohio jurisdictions — those completing at least ten of the same kind of job under the same federal rule — spend $28,800.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

Their houses are not Lima’s houses, and a lower figure is not by itself a worse programme. The national average is $23,995, which is close enough to Lima’s own cap that it does not support the comparison the Ohio peers do.

Exact · complete records[verified]

Lima’s repair programme once finished a year at 7.7% of the goal it set itself.

7.7

Unitpercent of the programme’s own annual goal
Universethe one-year rehabilitation goal stated in the jurisdiction’s own Annual Action Plan
Best year120.0

In program year 2022–23 the city completed 7.7% of the rehabilitations it had set as its own goal for that year. Across nine reported years it met or beat the goal three times.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

The goal moves between ten and fifteen units, so this measures the programme against its own stated intention and against nothing else. A missed goal may mean an overambitious plan as easily as an underperforming programme.

transportation

1 statistic
Sampled · 90% interval[verified]

About one in five Lima renter households has no car at all.

21.4

Unitpercent of households
Margin±4.1 at 90%
Interval17.3 – 25.5
Universe7,500 renter-occupied housing units
All Lima households13.9
County-wide7.8

A fifth of renting households in Lima have no vehicle available, against 13.9% of all Lima households and 7.8% county-wide. The low end of the interval is one in six.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

Vehicle availability is not the same as mobility. It says nothing about transit, borrowing a car, or how far anyone actually needs to travel.

utilities

2 statistics
Exact · complete records[verified]

More than a third of every dollar Lima bills for sewer leaves the fund to service debt.

36.6

Unitpercent of a utility’s charges for services
Universethe sewer fund’s charges for services in the audited financial statements
FY202233.0

Principal and interest actually paid came to 36.6% of what the sewer utility billed its customers in FY2023, and 33.0% the year before.

[verified]
What it cannot carry

Principal repayment is not an expense under accrual accounting, so it never appears on the operating statement. A reader of that statement sees only the interest share, which is about a quarter of this, under a name that sounds like the whole of it.

Exact · complete records[inference]

A Lima household’s monthly water, sewer and refuse bill comes to $120.60.

120.60

Unitdollars per month, composed from posted rates
Universea household inside the corporate limits using 600 cubic feet a month
Sewer alone65.34
At the conservation minimum86.76

At 600 cubic feet a month inside the city limits, the three municipal utilities came to $120.60 in 2024, of which sewer alone was $65.34 — more than water and refuse together. [inference] The bill is composed here from posted rate schedules rather than read off anyone’s actual invoice, and one of the schedules was read from a scanned page.

[inference]
What it cannot carry

Nobody receives a bill that says $120.60. This is what the posted rates produce for one stated level of use, and a household using more or less pays differently. The conservation minimum is $86.76, so most of the bill is not avoidable by using less.